Devices, systems and methods for cleaning of elongated instrument surface

ABSTRACT

Devices, systems and methods for cleaning a surface of as elongated instrument held within a cavity. In particular embodiments of the device, a longitudinal wire member extends along an elongated instrument (e.g. a laparoscope) and a rotatable transverse member removes matter from a surface of the instrument (e.g. a lens).

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Application No.PCT/US2019/063369, filed Nov. 26, 2019, which claims priority to U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/773,060 filed Nov. 29, 2018,the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein byreference.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

In certain instances, it can be desirable to clean a surface of anelongated instrument while the surface is held in a cavity. For example,during laparoscopic surgery the vision through the laparoscope may beimpaired. For example, the scope may become fogged, or the scope may besmeared by blood or other bodily fluids or tissues (e.g. interstitialfluid or fat tissue).

Currently, two different scope cleaning methods are commonly utilized.One method is to remove the laparoscope from the body, wipe the lenswith a cloth, and reinsert it into the body. This method, thougheffective, is time consuming and causes the surgeon to lose visual ofthe surgical site, which can be considered dangerous, as surgicalinstruments typically remain inside the body.

The action of cleaning the laparoscope increases the length of time eachsurgical procedure takes, as well as decreases the amount of operatingroom (OR) time available to the hospital. Additionally, as patientsundergo longer procedures, their time spent under anesthesia increases.As increased time under anesthesia has been shown to correlate to a risein surgical complication rates and post-surgical infection rates, thisexcess time is not only wasteful, but also potentially medically andfinancially costly.

The other method is to wipe the laparoscope lens upon a nearby organ ortissue. While the laparoscope remains inside the body and takes lesstime to clean, this method is not often effective. When using eithermethod, the surgeon must spend time relocating the surgical site withinthe body. The entire process is a hindrance and an annoyance forsurgeons at minimum. Also, it is costly for hospitals, patients, andinsurance companies due to wasted time, and possibly surgicalcomplications and post-surgical infections.

Methods comparable to those discussed above (i.e. referring to the fieldof laparoscopy), are commonly utilized in different fields at theappropriate scale. For example, in down hole drilling applications,instruments that become dirty with debris may need to be removed fromthe hole and cleaned before resuming use.

There is presently a shortage of methods and devices that provide foreffective devices and methods to clean a surface of an elongatedinstrument held within a cavity. Exemplary embodiments of the presentdisclosure address these shortcomings.

SUMMARY

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure allow for rapid and easycleaning of an instrument held within a cavity. For example, this mayinclude cleaning a laparoscope in vivo, negating the need for instrumentremoval from the body.

Embodiments of the present disclosure allow for users of elongatedinstruments (including for example, laparoscopes or other medicalinstruments, down hole drilling cameras and equipment, etc.) to clean asurface of the instrument without having to notably remove theinstrument from its place of use. For example, in the case of anapplication for a laparoscope, the present disclosure would allow forthe user to clean a surface of a laparoscope (e.g. a lens) in vivo,without having to remove the scope from the body. It thereforesignificantly decreases the time it takes to clean the instrumentsurface as compared to current technologies, relieving a vast amount ofthe technical and financial pains placed on stakeholders. For example,in the case of a laparoscopic application, vast amounts of medical andfinancial pains may be significantly mitigated by the improvement of anin vivo laparoscope cleaner, thereby benefiting hospitals, clinicians,patients, and third-party payers.

Exemplary methods of cleaning an instrument include mechanical, optical,and pneumatic applications to clear unwanted objects, contaminants,particles, etc. from lens of the instrument. One mechanical embodimentutilizes a proximal member that extends for the length of a laparoscope.This proximal member has a cleaning tip at the distal (lens) end of thelaparoscope that allows for cleaning of the laparoscope lens. It alsohas a base end as well, where the user primarily interacts with thesystem/device.

This application may use a surface cleaning material at the distal tipto be swept, dragged, rotated, etc. across the lens. The mechanism ofthis cleaning actuation may be designed to actuate with a passivemechanism that only cleans with relative translation between the scopeand proximal member. The mechanism may also be designed to actuate withan active mechanism that cleans when the user implements fine-tunedcontrol of the cleaning tip.

Certain embodiments include a device configured to clean a surface of anelongated instrument, where the device comprises: a longitudinal wiremember comprising a proximal end, a distal end, and a primary axisextending colinearly from the distal end of the longitudinal wiremember; a rotatable transverse member coupled to the distal end of thelongitudinal wire member; an actuation member coupled to the proximalend of the longitudinal wire member; and a retaining member comprising aproximal end and a distal end. In particular embodiments, the retainingmember is configured to retain the longitudinal wire member; and theactuation member is configured to rotate the distal end of thelongitudinal wire member and the rotatable transverse member about theprimary axis of the longitudinal wire member.

In some embodiments, the actuation member is configured to laterallytranslate the distal end of the longitudinal wire member and therotatable transverse member in a direction collinear with the primaryaxis of the longitudinal wire member. In specific embodiments, theretaining member is a tubular member comprising a wall extending arounda central aperture. In certain embodiments, the wall of the retainingmember comprises a relief extending along the retaining member. Inparticular embodiments, the longitudinal wire member is retained withinthe relief without obstructing the central aperture. In someembodiments, the device further comprises a handle coupled to theactuation member and coupled to the rotation member. Specificembodiments further comprise a guide member coupled to the handle, wherethe guide member extends from the handle to the retaining member, andthe longitudinal wire member extends through the guide member.

In certain embodiments, the retaining member comprises a slot throughthe wall, and the guide member extends into the slot. In particularembodiments, the longitudinal wire member extends from the actuationmember, through the guide member, and into the relief of the retainingmember. In some embodiments, the longitudinal wire member comprises acurved portion at the distal end. In specific embodiments, the rotatabletransverse member comprises a slot, and the slot is configured toreceive the curved portion of the longitudinal wire member. In certainembodiments, the distal end of the retaining member is angled at a firstangle with respect to the primary axis of the longitudinal wire member,and the curved portion of the longitudinal wire member is angled withrespect to the distal end of the longitudinal wire member at the firstangle.

Particular embodiments further comprise a coupling member configured tocouple the device to the elongated instrument. In some embodiments, thecoupling member comprises a first aperture configured to extend aroundthe elongated instrument. In specific embodiments, the coupling memberis configured to constrain lateral and rotational movement of the devicerelative to the elongated instrument during use. In certain embodiments,the coupling member comprises an elastic material and an extensionconfigured to allow a user to place the first aperture around a portionof the elongated instrument. In particular embodiments, the couplingmember further comprises seal extending around a second aperture of thecoupling member and wherein the seal is configured to seal the proximalend of the retaining member. Some embodiments further comprise a sealconfigured to seal the proximal end or the distal end of the retainingmember. In specific embodiments, the retaining member comprises a clipconfigured to couple the longitudinal wire member to the elongatedinstrument such that the longitudinal member and the transverse membercan move relative to the surface of the elongated instrument.

In certain embodiments, the device is configured for use in a bodilycavity, in-vivo. In particular embodiments, the device is configured foruse in an earthly cavity, in-ground. In some embodiments, the device isconfigured for use in a man-made construction cavity. In specificembodiments, the ribbon member is configured to remove matter from thesurface of the elongated instrument. In certain embodiments, the matterincludes liquid matter. In particular embodiments, the matter includessolid matter. In some embodiments, the matter includes viscous fluid. Inspecific embodiments, the device is configured to provide for liquid orsurfactant delivery for cleaning the surface of the elongatedinstrument.

In certain embodiments, the rotatable transverse member comprises apolymer coating or surface treatment. In particular embodiments, thepolymer coating or surface treatment results in reduced adhesion ofparticulate matter to the surface of the device. In some embodiments,the rotatable transverse member is formed from a polymer material. Inspecific embodiments, the rotatable transverse member comprises adeformable material. In certain embodiments, the deformable material isselected from the group consisting of rubber, foam, and fabric. Inparticular embodiments, the deformable material is selected from thegroup consisting thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplasticelastomer (TPE), or medical grade silicone. In some embodiments, thethermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), ormedical grade silicone are overmolded or insert molded. In specificembodiments the rotatable transverse member is perpendicular to thelongitudinal wire member. In certain embodiments, the rotatabletransverse member is angled with respect to the longitudinal wiremember. In particular embodiments, the retaining member is a multi-lumentube.

Certain embodiments include a method of cleaning a surface of a distalend of an elongated instrument, where the method comprises positioning acleaning device proximal to the elongated instrument, and where thecleaning device comprises: a longitudinal wire member comprising aproximal end, a distal end, and a primary axis extending colinearly fromthe distal end; a rotatable transverse member coupled to the distal endof the longitudinal wire member; and a retaining member. Particularembodiments comprise positioning the distal end of the longitudinal wiremember proximal to the distal end of the elongated instrument; engagingthe rotatable transverse member with the surface of the distal end ofthe elongated instrument; and rotating the rotatable transverse memberacross the surface of the distal end of the elongated instrument.

In certain embodiments, positioning the cleaning device proximal to theelongated instrument comprises pushing the elongated instrument towardthe distal end of the longitudinal wire member. In particularembodiments, positioning the cleaning device proximal to the elongatedinstrument comprises pulling the proximal end of the longitudinal wiremember. In some embodiments, the proximal end of the longitudinal wiremember is coupled to an actuation member, and pulling the proximal endof the longitudinal wire member comprises pulling the actuation member.In specific embodiments, rotating the rotatable transverse member acrossthe surface of the distal end of the elongated instrument comprisesrotating the actuation member in a first direction.

In certain embodiments, rotating the rotatable transverse member acrossthe surface of the distal end of the elongated instrument comprisesrotating the actuation member in a second direction opposite of thefirst direction. In particular embodiments, the surface of the distalend of the elongated instrument is not flat. In some embodiments, thedistal end of the elongated instrument comprises a raised surface aroundthe perimeter of the distal end. In specific embodiments, the device isconfigured for use in a bodily cavity, in-vivo. In certain embodiments,the device is configured for use in an earthly cavity, in-ground. Insome embodiments, the device is configured for use in a man-madeconstruction cavity. In specific embodiments, the rotatable transversemember is configured to remove matter from the surface of the elongatedinstrument. In particular embodiments, the matter includes liquidmatter. In certain embodiments, the matter includes solid matter. Inparticular embodiments, the matter includes viscous fluid.

This application may implement materials including one or multiple typesof cleaning components, such as deformable, flexible, and/or absorbentcomponents (i.e. rubber, bristles, sponges, etc.) (will be referred toas “components” for the remainder of this document). These componentsmay allow for the cleaning of the scope without any further addition.These components may also provide for enhanced cleaning with theinclusion of additional cleaning material, such as a cloth, foam,sponge, ribbon, etc. (will be referred to as “ribbon member” for theremainder of this document). This cloth may have a material orgeometrical alteration for improved cleaning performance (e.g.napped/fuzzy surface, microfiber structure, ideal porosity andabsorbance) in addition to improved interaction with the rest of thedevice (distal, proximal, and base ends of device) (e.g. ideal frictionrelationship, thickness for trocar compatibility, etc.).

As these aforementioned components deform, they allow for the ribbon toconform about the scope surface, applying an adequate force/pressure onthe ribbon to improve cleaning efficacy of the ribbon. As the componentsdeform, their deformation may prove two-fold in application, as they (1)store energy, and generate higher cleaning forces/pressures on thesurface (possibly translated via a ribbon) and (2) allow for more idealconformation and improve force/pressure distribution to the surface, andpossibly allow for more ideal conformation and improve force/pressuredistribution of a cleaning ribbon to the surface.

It should be noted that the ribbon itself may act as its own deformationcomponent or compressible member if its structure allows for it. Thiscould include its material or geometrical configuration. It has beenshown that altering its contact approach (e.g. parallel vs.perpendicular, flat vs. twisted orientation, etc.) can alter cleaningperformance and interaction performance with the rest of the device.

It should also be noted that the ribbon member may be a belt that cycleson a single spool or it may be fed by one spool, in one direction, andreceived by a different spool (e.g. one spool feeds ribbon while anotherspool receives ribbon). These spools may be on the same shaft, or adifferent shaft. These spools, and/or the ribbon, may be held withtension that allows for potentially more convenient device interfacing,or held with slack, allowing for potentially improved conformation toscope surface. Actuation of the spools may be controlled by the user, ormay be automated. It is important to recognize that the inclusion oftension in the ribbon may alter cleaning performance, as the contactpoints of the ribbon on the scope may actually cause the ribbon toreduce contact/contact force on the scope surface. This highlights theimportance of the aforementioned components, and their ability toconform to the scope surface (possibly via/translated to the ribbon).

The aforementioned components may or may not be soaked/coated in asolution that assists in the removal of unwanted objects, contaminants,particles, etc. from the surface of the elongated instrument that is tobe cleaned. Delivery of this solution may be actively controlled by theuser, or passively controlled by the cleaning actuation mechanism. Thissolution may be housed in the cleaning tip, along or inside the proximalmember, or at the base of the proximal member, or all of the above. Thissolution may or may not be a saline solution, or a surfactant solutionthat appropriately and adequately removes bodily fluids and tissues fromthe surface, including but not limited to condensation, blood,interstitial fluid, fat tissue, etc.

In another embodiment, a cut may be made in the wall of the proximalmember. This cut may alter the geometry of the proximal member to allowfor storage of energy, and translation/rotation of the proximal tip. Oneexample is a slit on a single side of the distal tip. When the scopecontacts the components/ribbon in the distal tip, energy storage occurs,and eventually, the geometry and energy storage/release causes thedistal member to deflect/fall out of view of the surface, allowing forthe surgeon to see again. Another example is the cut of a spring-likegeometry into the proximal member. This geometrical cut operatessimilarly to the single slit, but also allows for improved energystorage, in addition to a torsional/rotational motion that is translatedto the distal tip, potentially increasing surface coverage.Additionally, the tip itself may be made into a coil-spring geometryafter geometrical cuts and potential forming techniques, offeringcomparable benefits as previously explained.

In another embodiment, an elastic component may drag over the scopesurface to allow for energy storage, component deformation, and improvedcleaning via applied force/pressure and conformation to surface. Thiselastic component may/may not have a ribbon included, for reasons andinteractions previously mentioned. It is worth noting that if a ribbonis included, the tensioning, or even the cycling of a slack ribbon, wheninteracting with this elastic component, may lead to the stretching ofthe elastic component. This means that actuation could be made separatefrom contact, as was described in previously mentioned embodiments. Itshould be noted that such an actuation could also be included inprevious embodiments, with proper integration of this elastic component.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure fit around or beside thelaparoscope and inside a trocar port. The scope is retracted back untilit is a set/particular distance above the aforementionedcomponents/ribbon/combination. It is then pushed into contact with andeventually passed the components/ribbon/combination, and cleaning mayoccur. The cleaning may occur within this passively actuated cleaningevent. During this cleaning event, the ribbon, if included, may be held“fixed” relative to the spool/components, and still allow cleaning. Theribbon would be rotated/cycled/fed either before or after each cleaningevent. Alternatively, the ribbon may be actively rotated/cycled/fedduring the cleaning event (i.e. the ribbon is rotated as it comes intocontact and eventually passes the aforementioned components. It has beenshown that the latter method may prove to be a more effective cleaningapproach (i.e. extended pressure with new cleaning material passing overscope) while the former method may still clean effectively with aminimal number of actuations (currently estimated 1-5 actuations),though may stand to be less repeatable and reliable, when compared tothe latter method.

Both of these aforementioned mechanical embodiments are unique anddifferent from current technology due at least in part to the fact thatthe cleaning mechanisms and/or combinations of mechanisms have uniquegeometric and/or material and/or orientation (arguably geometrical aswell) specifications that are key to its performance. This is especiallyimportant and novel due to the fact that a single configuration(primarily relating to inner diameter) of the present disclosure canclean multiple styles of laparoscopes (e.g. different angles) at thesame efficiency—e.g. flat scopes, 300 scopes, 450 scopes, etc. Currenttechnologies do not appear to allow for this.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are compatible withcurrent laparoscope-trocar pairings. Current technology does not appearto allow for this. For example, a 5 mm laparoscope (approximately5.0-5.5 mm diameter) fits inside a common 5 mm trocar port(approximately 7.1 mm diameter). Current technology seems to require alarger port. Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, due tonovel and elegant mechanisms, can be made to fit within those smallertolerances.

One mechanical embodiment utilizes high frequency vibration either ontothe laparoscope directly, or onto a mechanical component that in turnvibrates the laparoscope at a high frequency. One optical embodimentutilizes optical intensity, frequency, continuous and/or pulsed lightmethods to remove debris from the surface. These light parameters can bealtered via an attachment, or a built-in system.

Certain embodiments utilize a longitudinal member and a transversemember at the distal (surface) end of the laparoscope to be moved (e.g.swept, dragged, rotated, etc.) across the surface. In such embodiments,the transverse member may or may not be soaked or coated in a solutionthat assists in the removal of unwanted matter (e.g. objects,contaminants, particles, etc.) from the surface of the laparoscope. Incertain embodiments, the solution may or may not be a saline solution,or a surfactant solution that appropriately and adequately removesbodily fluids and tissues from the surface, including but not limited tocondensation, blood, interstitial fluid, fat tissue, etc.

Certain embodiments may implement surface cleaning materials, includingone or multiple types of transverse members, such as flexible and/orabsorbent components such as bristles, wipers, or sponges, with alongitudinal member configured as an elongated tube, rod, bar, or sheet.In some embodiments, the tube or rod fits around the laparoscope andinside a trocar. The distal end of the tube or rod can hold or house thetransverse member (or members) that act as cleaning components. Thescope can then be positioned (i.e. the scope retracted back or the tubeor rod pushed forward) until it is a specific distance above theaforementioned cleaning components. The scope can then be pushed intoand past the transverse member(s), which can perform a majority of thecleaning, at effective forces due to the stiffness and/or materialproperties of the transverse member(s), and the total combined surfacearea coverage.

In certain embodiments, an absorbent or sponge material may beimplemented at the distal end of the longitudinal member to absorb orclean any remaining droplets or particles of elements that were notremoved via the transverse member, if necessary. Exemplary embodimentsof the device can clean different angled scopes of similar diameterswith comparable efficacy.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure comprise cleaningmechanisms and/or combinations of mechanisms with unique geometric,material and/or orientation specifications that provide the ability toeffectively remove matter from an elongated instrument surface heldwithin a cavity.

In particular embodiments, a single configuration of the device canclean multiple styles of laparoscopes (e.g. different angles such asflat scopes, 30 degree scopes, 45 degree scopes and 70 degree scopes) ata relatively equivalent efficiency.

Exemplary embodiments are also compatible with current commonlaparoscope-trocar pairings, in contrast to typical existing systems.For example, a 5 mm laparoscope (approximately 5.0-5.5 mm diameter) canfit within a common 5 mm trocar port (approximately 7.1 mm diameter).Current systems can require a larger port, while exemplary embodimentsof the device disclosed herein can be made to fit within thesetolerances.

Certain embodiments utilize one or more geometrical rubber/foammats/wipers fixed to the distal end of the device. As a scope isretracted into the sheath, the rubber wiper comes to rest in a passiveposition. As the scope is then pushed forward into the rubber wiper, thegeometry and material of the wiper, in addition to its positioningrelative to the scope surface allows the wiper to “scrape”, slide, ordrag across the surface, comparable to that of a windshield wiper.

Certain embodiments utilize high frequency vibration either onto thelaparoscope directly, or onto a mechanical component that in turnvibrates the laparoscope at a high frequency. Particular embodimentsutilize optical intensity, frequency, continuous and/or pulsed lightmethods to remove debris from the surface. These light parameters can bealtered via an attachment, or a built-in system.

Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a sheath that fits around alaparoscope or other type of cylindrical or tubular device that mightrequire cleaning at a distal end (i.e. an endoscope). Particularembodiments include a transverse member that functions as a cleaningmechanism at the distal end of the device. In specific embodiments, thecleaning mechanism may comprise a hook-like, claw-like, broom-like,squeegee-like, or scraper-like geometry or configuration. Duringoperation of exemplary embodiments, a component at a distal end of thetransverse member is drawn across the surface, thereby cleaning debrisfrom the surface.

In particular embodiments, the transverse member may be formed from amaterial comprising (or include a coating comprising) rubber, foam,plastic, or cloth material that does not scratch, harm, or impede thesurface to be cleaned. In certain embodiments, the transverse member mayinclude bristles, wipers, or an absorbent material (e.g. a material thatis foam or sponge-like in nature). In specific embodiments, thetransverse member may include a particular surface texture, includingfor example a surface finish of 0.01 microns-1000 microns, or moreparticularly 0.1-100 microns, or more particularly 1.0-10 microns.

In specific embodiments, the transverse member may include a surfaceporosity of 0-75 percent porosity, or more particularly 10-50 percentporosity, or more particularly 20-35 percent porosity.

In specific embodiments, the transverse member may include a particularrigidity, resilience, and/or flexibility to promote effective matterremoval from the surface of the elongated instrument. In certainembodiments, the material of the transverse member may have an elasticmodulus of 0.005-5 gigapascals (GPa), or more particularly 0.05-2.0 GPa,or more particularly 0.5-1.5 GPa.

In some embodiments, the distal end of the transverse member maycomprise a particular geometry of the cleaning edge (e.g., sharpened,rounded, multi-pronged, etc.). In certain embodiments, the transversemember may include particular component angles and radii of approach andimplementation where the transverse member is coupled to thelongitudinal member (which may be configured as a sheath). For example,the angle between the transverse member proximal end and thelongitudinal member may be between 0-90 degrees, or more particularlybetween 15 and 60 degrees, or more particularly between 30 and 45degrees. In addition, the angle between the transverse member distal endand the surface to be cleaned may be between 0-180 degrees, or moreparticularly between 15 and 135 degrees, or more particularly between 30and 90 degrees or more particularly between 45 and 60 degrees.

In addition, the transverse member can be configured so that it is ableto remain out of view of the elongated instrument, including adjacent toor near the elongated instrument, as the user desires.

During operation of the device, it can expel dirty material from thesurface and/or cleaning surface of the transverse member. Certainembodiments may also include an additional mechanism with the ability toconvert stored potential energy to kinetic energy, including forexample, a vibrational or “flick” mechanism. In certain embodiments,such a mechanism could be activated after transverse member initiallymoves across the surface of the elongated instrument.

In certain laparoscopic embodiments, the device can be configured suchthat it is compatible with current commonly paired apparatus (e.g. a 5mm diameter laparoscope with a commonly paired trocar). In certainembodiments, the device may be used in conjunction with an elongatedinstrument having a shaft with a diameter of approximately 2.7mm-approximately 12.0 mm and a trocar having a diameter of approximately3.0 mm-13.0 mm.

In particular embodiments, the device may include a transverse memberthat is curved and has a radius of curvature of 1.3 mm-12.5 mm, or moreparticularly 2.0 mm-10.0 mm, or more particularly 3.0 mm-9.0 mm, or moreparticularly 4.0 mm-8.0 mm, or more particularly 5.0 mm to 7.0 mm. Inspecific embodiments, the device may include a longitudinal member thatis tubular and had a diameter between approximately 3.0 mm andapproximately 13.0 mm.

In certain embodiments, the device may comprise a constraint that alignsthe transverse member appropriately with the surface of the elongatedinstrument to be cleaned. This can be particularly important forcompatibility with different angled surfaces. Exemplary embodiments canbe actuated easily and quickly by manual or automated means, potentiallyvia human input, robotic or mechanical input, or pneumatic input.

Exemplary embodiments include a device configured to clean a surface ofan elongated instrument held within a cavity. In certain embodiments,the device comprises a longitudinal member comprising a proximal end anda distal end, and a flexible transverse member comprising a proximal endand a distal end, where the proximal end of the flexible transversemember is coupled to the distal end of the longitudinal member. Inparticular embodiments, the distal end of the flexible transverse memberis spaced apart or biased away from the proximal end of the transversemember, and the flexible transverse member is configured such that thedistal end of the flexible transverse moves away from the longitudinalmember (and/or moves away from the proximal end of the flexibletransverse member) when a surface at an angle to the longitudinal memberexerts a force on the distal end of the flexible transverse member in adirection parallel to the longitudinal member.

In some embodiments, the distal end of the flexible transverse member isconfigured to remove matter from the surface when the distal end of theflexible transverse moves away from the longitudinal member. In specificembodiments, the matter includes liquid matter (including for example,viscous fluids), or solid matter, or both liquid and solid matter. Incertain embodiments, the surface is generally perpendicular to thelongitudinal member, and in particular embodiments the surface is at anangle of approximately up to seventy degrees from the longitudinalmember. In some embodiments, the longitudinal member is a tubularmember, and in specific embodiments the tubular member has a diameter ofbetween approximately 3.0 mm-and approximately 13.0 mm. In certainembodiments, the longitudinal member is a planar member. In particularembodiments, the longitudinal member and the flexible transverse memberare formed from a unitary component, and in some embodiments, thelongitudinal member and the flexible transverse member are separatecomponents.

In specific embodiments, the flexible transverse member is curved orplanar, and in certain embodiments has a radius of curvature of betweenapproximately 1.3 mm-and approximately 12.5 mm. In particularembodiments, the flexible transverse member is formed from a plasticmaterial, and in some embodiments the flexible transverse membercomprises a deformable material coating, including for example, rubber,foam, fabric, or Velcro®. In some embodiments, the flexible transversemember comprises an extension member, and in specific embodiments theextension member is coupled to the distal end of the flexible transversemember. In certain embodiments, the extension member is angled towardthe longitudinal member, and in particular embodiments, the flexibletransverse member is a tubular member.

Specific embodiments include a system for cleaning a surface of anelongated instrument held within a cavity, where the system comprises: alongitudinal member comprising a proximal end and a distal end; atransverse member coupled to the distal end of the longitudinal member;and an elongated instrument comprising a shaft and a distal end of theshaft. In certain embodiments, the longitudinal member is configured toextend along the shaft of the elongated instrument; the transversemember is biased toward the shaft of the elongated instrument when theelongated instrument is positioned in a first position such that a firstdistance between the surface and the proximal end is greater than asecond distance between the transverse member and the proximal end; andthe transverse member is configured to extend across the surface whenthe elongated instrument is positioned in a second position such thatthe first distance between the surface and the proximal end isequivalent to the second distance between the transverse member and theproximal end.

In certain embodiments of the system, the distal end of the transversemember translates across the surface while maintaining contact with thesurface as the longitudinal member is retracted back toward the proximalend of the elongated instrument (or as the elongated instrument isadvanced relative to the longitudinal member). In particularembodiments, the transverse member is configured to retract across thesurface when the elongated instrument is moved from the second positionto a third position such that a third distance between the surface andthe proximal end is greater than the second distance between thetransverse member and the proximal end. In some embodiments, thetransverse member is configured to remove matter from the surface whenthe transverse member retracts across the surface. In specificembodiments, the matter includes liquid matter (including for example,viscous fluids), or solid matter or both liquid and solid matter. Incertain embodiments, the longitudinal member is a tubular member, and inparticular embodiments, the longitudinal member is a planar member.

In particular embodiments of the system, the longitudinal member and thetransverse member are formed from a unitary component, and in someembodiments the longitudinal member and the transverse member areseparate components. In some embodiments, the transverse member iscurved or planar, and in specific embodiments the transverse member hasa radius of curvature of between approximately 1.3 mm-and approximately12.5 mm.

Certain embodiments include a device configured to clean a surface of anelongated instrument held within a cavity, where the device comprises: alongitudinal member comprising a proximal end and a distal end; a firstflexible transverse member; and a second flexible transverse member. Inparticular embodiments, the longitudinal member is a tubular member; thefirst flexible transverse member extends across the distal end of thelongitudinal member: the second flexible transverse member extendsacross the distal end of the longitudinal member; and the first andsecond flexible members are configured to move across a surface at anangle to the longitudinal member when the surface moves past the distalend of the longitudinal member. In some embodiments, the surface is alens of an elongated instrument, and in specific embodiments the firstflexible member is parallel to the second flexible member and the firstflexible member is spaced apart from the second flexible member.

Exemplary embodiments include a method of cleaning a surface of anelongated instrument held within a cavity, where the method comprisespositioning a device adjacent to the elongated instrument held within acavity, where the device comprises a longitudinal member and a flexibletransverse member, the flexible transverse member comprises a proximalend coupled to the longitudinal member, the flexible transverse membercomprises a distal end, and the flexible transverse member is locatedadjacent the surface of the elongated instrument. Exemplary embodimentsof the method further comprise changing a relative position of thedevice and the elongated instrument, where the distal end of theflexible transverse member engages the surface of the elongatedinstrument, and the distal end of the flexible transverse member movesacross the surface of the elongated instrument.

In certain embodiments of the method, the elongated instrument is alaparoscope, and in particular embodiments the surface of the elongatedinstrument is a lens. In some embodiments, the distal end of flexibletransverse member moves toward the proximal end of the flexibletransverse member when the distal end of the flexible transverse membermoves across the surface of the elongated instrument. In specificembodiments, the distal end of the flexible transverse member removesmatter from the surface of the elongated instrument when the distal endof the flexible transverse moves across the surface of the elongatedinstrument.

In certain embodiments of the method, the matter includes liquid matter(including for example, viscous fluids), or solid matter or both liquidand solid matter. In particular embodiments, the surface of theelongated instrument is generally perpendicular to the longitudinalmember. In some embodiments, the surface of the elongated instrument isat an angle of approximately forty-five degrees from the longitudinalmember. In specific embodiments, the longitudinal member is a tubularmember, and in certain embodiments the tubular member has a diameter ofbetween approximately 3.0 mm-and approximately 13.0 mm.

In particular embodiments of the method, the longitudinal member is aplanar member. In some embodiments, the longitudinal member and theflexible transverse member are formed from a unitary component and inspecific embodiments the longitudinal member and the flexible transversemember are separate components. In certain embodiments, the flexibletransverse member is curved or planar, and in particular embodiments theflexible transverse member has a radius of curvature of betweenapproximately 1.3 mm-and approximately 12.5 mm. In certain embodiments,the flexible transverse member is formed from a plastic material. Inparticular embodiments, the flexible transverse member comprises acoating is selected from the group consisting of rubber, foam andfabric.

In the present disclosure, the term “coupled” is defined as connected,although not necessarily directly, and not necessarily mechanically.

The use of the word “a” or “an” when used in conjunction with the term“comprising” in the claims and/or the specification may mean “one,” butit is also consistent with the meaning of “one or more” or “at leastone.” The terms “approximately, “about” or “substantially” mean, ingeneral, the stated value plus or minus 10%. The use of the term “or” inthe claims is used to mean “and/or” unless explicitly indicated to referto alternatives only or the alternative are mutually exclusive, althoughthe disclosure supports a definition that refers to only alternativesand “and/or.”

The terms “comprise” (and any form of comprise, such as “comprises” and“comprising”), “have” (and any form of have, such as “has” and“having”), “include” (and any form of include, such as “includes” and“including”) and “contain” (and any form of contain, such as “contains”and “containing”) are open-ended linking verbs. As a result, a method ordevice that “comprises,” “has,” “includes” or “contains” one or moresteps or elements, possesses those one or more steps or elements, but isnot limited to possessing only those one or more elements. Likewise, astep of a method or an element of a device that “comprises,” “has,”“includes” or “contains” one or more features, possesses those one ormore features, but is not limited to possessing only those one or morefeatures. Furthermore, a device or structure that is configured in acertain way is configured in at least that way, but may also beconfigured in ways that are not listed.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the following detailed description. It should beunderstood, however, that the detailed description and the specificexamples, while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, aregiven by way of illustration only, since various changes andmodifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will beapparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIGS. 1-3 illustrate a schematic of a device according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present disclosure during use.

FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a device according to anexemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 illustrates a side view and an end view of the embodiment of FIG.4.

FIG. 6 illustrates an exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 4

FIG. 7 illustrates a partial section view of the embodiment of FIG. 4

FIG. 8 illustrates section and orthographic views of an actuation memberof the embodiment of FIG. 4.

FIG. 9 illustrates orthographic views of a retention member of theembodiment of FIG. 4.

FIG. 10 illustrates a side view of a longitudinal wire member of theembodiment of FIG. 4.

FIG. 11 illustrates orthographic views of a coupling member of theembodiment of FIG. 4.

FIG. 12 illustrates orthographic views of a guide member of theembodiment of FIG. 4.

FIG. 13 illustrates orthographic views of a rotatable transverse memberof the embodiment of FIG. 4.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

Referring now to FIGS. 1-3, schematic views of an exemplary embodimentof a device 100 is shown during use cleaning an elongated instrument200. In the embodiment shown, device 100 is configured to clean asurface 210 of elongated instrument 200 held within a cavity (e.g. in abodily cavity vivo or in an earthly cavity in-ground). In certainembodiments surface 210 may be a lens and elongated instrument 200 maybe a laparoscope. In the illustrated embodiment, elongated instrument200 comprises a proximal end 211 and distal end 212. In this embodiment,device 100 comprises a longitudinal wire member 110 comprising aproximal end 111 and a distal end 112. Device 100 also comprises arotatable transverse member coupled to distal end 112 of longitudinalwire member 110. As used herein, distal end 112 of longitudinal wiremember 110 comprises a region of longitudinal member 110 that is distalfrom the absolute end of longitudinal wire member 110. Accordingly, aportion (e.g. 5 or 10 percent) of longitudinal wire member 110 mayextend beyond the coupling point of rotatable transverse member 120 andlongitudinal wire member 110 (e.g. may extend away from distal end 112).In certain embodiments, longitudinal wire member 110 and rotatabletransverse member 120 may be formed from a unitary component, while inother embodiments, longitudinal wire member 110 and rotatable transversemember 120 may be separate components. In exemplary embodiments,longitudinal wire member 110 is configured as a long, thin, member thatallows rotation of distal end 112 upon rotation of proximal end 111.Exemplary embodiments of longitudinal wire member 110 comprise metallicand non-metallic materials, including for example composite, plastic orother polymer materials.

In the embodiment shown, device 100 comprises a retaining member 250configured to retain a component of device 100 (e.g. longitudinal wiremember 110 in the embodiment shown) to elongated instrument 200. In thisembodiment, retaining member 250 is shown as a tubular member or sheaththat is coupled to device 100 and extends around elongated instrument200. In certain embodiments, retaining member 250 may be configured as amulti-lumen tube. It is understood that in other embodiments, retainingmember 250 may include other configurations, including for example,clips, wires, etc. As explained in further detail below, retainingmember 250 is configured to allow sliding or lateral movement betweendevice 100 and elongated instrument 200 in a direction parallel to anaxis 101 that extends colinearly from distal end 112. In addition,retaining member 250 is also configured to allow rotational movement ofdevice 100 about axis 101 to facilitate cleaning matter 213 (e.g. solidor liquid) from surface 210.

The embodiment shown further comprises an indicator 121 coupled tolongitudinal wire member 110 near proximal end 111. Indicator 121 canindicate the orientation of rotatable transverse member 120 such that auser can determine the position of transverse member 120 with respect toelongated instrument 210 by viewing indicator 121 while rotating device100 about longitudinal wire member 110 and axis 101.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, device 100 is shown with distal end112 and rotatable transverse member 120 extended past surface 210 suchthat surface 210 is between proximal end 111 and distal end 112 oflongitudinal wire member 110. The user can view indicator 121 to alignrotatable transverse member 120 so that it is aligned rotationally withelongated instrument 200 (e.g. rotatable transverse member 120 isgenerally “above” surface 120 in the configuration shown in FIG. 1.)Device 100 and/or elongated instrument 200 can then be moved in thedirection of arrow L parallel to axis 101 shown in FIG. 1 such thatrotatable transverse member 120 is positioned proximal to surface 210.For example, the user can pull proximal end 111 of longitudinal wiremember 110 or push elongated instrument 200 in order position rotatabletransverse member 120 proximal to surface 210. In certain embodiments,rotatable transverse member 120 (e.g. the cleaning member or a wiper)can be moved between a stowed position and a use position. The stowedposition and the use position are relative to a location of the imagingelement of an endoscope when the endoscope is mounted on the apparatus.The use position can be a position in which rotatable transverse member120 is adjacent to or beyond a terminal end of the endoscope. The stowedposition can be a position in which rotatable transverse member 120 isretracted from the use position in a direction toward a user interfacebody of the apparatus.

As device 100 and/or elongated instrument 200 is moved in thisdirection, rotatable transverse member 120 eventually engages surface210 as shown in FIG. 2. The engagement of rotatable transverse member120 with surface 210 provides tactile feedback to the user throughlongitudinal member 110 to indicate engagement. For example, theresistance in the relative lateral/axial motion between device 100 andelongated instrument 200 is created when rotatable transverse member 120engages surface 210. As shown in FIG. 3, the user can then rotatelongitudinal wire member 110 and rotatable transverse member 120 aboutaxis 101 in the direction of arrow R to wipe clean surface 210.Indicator 121 can be used to confirm that rotatable transverse member120 has rotated sufficiently to clean debris from surface 210. Incertain embodiments surface 210 is not flat and may comprise a raisedsurface around the perimeter of the distal end of elongated instrument200. Such configurations can present challenges to efficient cleaning ofsurface 210 and emphasize the need for effective cleaning devices andtechniques.

It is understood the views shown in FIGS. 1-3 represent schematicrepresentations of one embodiment of the present disclosure. Otherembodiments may include additional features and aspects. Referring nowto FIGS. 4-13, assembled and exploded views are provided of a particularembodiment of a device 100 configured to clean an elongated instrumenthaving an angled surface at the distal end. Components that areequivalent to previously-described components are identified withequivalent reference numbers. For the sake of brevity and to avoidrepetition, equivalent components will not be discussed in detail in thedescription of this embodiments. An overview of the components andoperating principles will be presented initially, followed by morespecific discussion of particular features of device 100.

In the embodiment shown, device 100 comprises a handle 300 coupled to anactuation member 320, a guide member 330 and a coupling member 340.Actuation member 320 is coupled to longitudinal wire member 110 and canbe used to manipulate longitudinal wire member 110 and rotatabletransverse member 120 during use. The general operating principles ofthis embodiment are equivalent to those of the previously-describedembodiment in FIGS. 1-3. During use, an elongated instrument (e.g. alaparoscope in certain embodiments, not shown) can be inserted throughretaining member 250, and coupling member 340 can be used to coupledevice 100 to the elongated instrument. In a particular embodiment,coupling member 340 comprises an elastic material with an aperture 341(see FIGS. 6 and 11) that can be placed over a light port in alaparoscope to constrain lateral and rotational movement of device 100relative to the elongated instrument. Coupling member 340 may alsocomprise a tab or extension 343 to assist is manipulating couplingmember 340 during the coupling process to the elongated instrument. Forexample, a user can grasp extension 343 and pull extension 343 initiallyin a direction away from aperture 341 until aperture 341 is locatedproximal to the portion of the elongated instrument to which it will becoupled. Extension 343 can then be pulled in a different direction (e.g.toward distal end 251 of retaining member 250) until aperture 341 hasengaged and secured device 100 to the elongated instrument. Extension343 can then be released by the user.

In certain embodiments, a cavity into which device 100 is inserted maybe filled with pressurized gas (e.g. insufflation gas in the abdomenduring laparoscopic surgery) to allow for a maintenance of cavitypressure or gas concentration. In particular embodiments, device 100 maycomprise a seal that can be located at proximal and/or distal end of thedevice that creates a seal around the elongated instrument and/orretaining member 250 and prevents leaking of gas from the cavity. Thiscan be done through an elastic component that compresses around scope,passively, but still allows for scope to push through longitudinalmember, or it could be done through a compliant foam or rubber port,that can be moved aside as the elongated instrument pushes past thecompliant part, and the compliant part forms a seal around the elongatedinstrument.

In the embodiment shown, coupling member 340 further comprises a secondaperture 342 which is aligned with a central aperture 255 of retainingmember 250 when device 100 is assembled. A seal 344 extends aroundaperture 342 and restricts the flow of gas through aperture 255 ofcoupling member 250. Seal 344 can therefore restrict insufflation gasfrom escaping the cavity into which device 100 is inserted during use.While seal 344 is shown in this embodiment as a unitary component withcoupling member 340, it is understood that in different embodiments seal344 and coupling member 340 may be separate components. In exemplaryembodiments, coupling member 340 and/or seal 344 may be formed from anelastic, foam, or other suitably compliant material. In addition, whileaperture 342 is shown as a single aperture, other embodiments maycomprise multiple partitions or “leaves” that deflect out of the way andback around the shaft of the elongated instrument as the elongatedinstrument pushes past aperture 342.

As shown in FIG. 9, retaining member 250 is configured as a tubularmember that comprises a wall 257 extending around central aperture 255,as well as a relief 253 (e.g. a semi-circular groove or slot in theillustrated embodiment) in wall 257. Relief 253 extends along retainingmember 250 and is sized and configured such that longitudinal wiremember 110 is retained in relief 253 without obstructing centralaperture 255. Accordingly, relief 253 aligns longitudinal wire member110 in a straight configuration as it travels the length of retainingmember 250. In addition, longitudinal wire member 110 can rotate whilebeing retained within relief 253.

In the embodiment shown, retaining member 250 further comprises a slot254 through wall 257 and near a proximal end 252 of retaining member250. Slot 254 is configured to allow guide member 330 (and longitudinalwire member 110) to enter relief 253. In the illustrated embodiment,retaining member 250 further comprises a slot or notch 259 configured toengage a locating rib or tab 258 in handle 300 (shown in FIG. 7) toposition or key retaining member 250 to handle 300. The embodiment ofretaining member 250 shown in FIG. 9 comprises a distal end 251 that isangled (e.g. to accommodate elongated instruments with angled distalsurfaces).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, guide member 330 comprises anaperture 335 through which longitudinal wire member 110 extends. Inaddition, guide member 330 comprises a curved portion 337 configured totransition longitudinal wire member 110 from actuation member 320,through handle 300 and to retaining member 250. Guide member 330 canfurther distribute the bending forces exerted on longitudinal wiremember 110 and reduce frictional forces as longitudinal wire member 110is rotated and laterally translated during operation. In specificembodiments, guide member 330 may be formed from 304 or 316 stainlesssteel, and longitudinal wire member 110 may be formed from 316 stainlesssteel.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 10 and 13, longitudinal wire member110 comprises a curved portion 115 near distal end 112, and rotatabletransverse member 120 comprises a slot 123 configured to receive curvedportion 115 of longitudinal wire member 110. In the embodiment shown,curved portion 115 is configured at an angle A with respect to distalend 112 that is equivalent to distal end 251 of retaining member 250. Inexemplary embodiments, rotatable transverse member 120 is coupled todistal end 112 of longitudinal wire member 110 via a friction fitbetween slot 123 and curved portion 115. In certain embodiments,rotatable transverse member 120 can be removed and replaced by a user bypulling on rotatable transverse member 120 in a direction parallel tocurved portion 115. In the embodiment shown, rotatable transverse member120 comprises an angled surface 127 configured to provide improvedwiping or cleaning action during use. In exemplary embodiments thegeometry, contact angle, contact force, and material of construction canbe optimized for rotatable transverse member 120 to provide forefficient cleaning of the elongated instrument.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, actuation member 320 comprises afirst aperture 322 configured to receive longitudinal wire member 110.In the embodiment shown, actuation member 320 comprises a secondaperture 324 configured to receive a coupling member 326 configured tosecure longitudinal wire member 110 to actuation member 320. In theembodiment shown, coupling member 326 is a threaded member, but in otherembodiments coupling member 326 may have a different configuration (e.g.a pin, stake, etc.).

In certain embodiments, device 100 and an elongated instrument can beinserted through a trocar into a cavity of a patient during use. Asshown in FIGS. 7 and 8, actuation member 320 comprises an indicator 121that is aligned with rotatable transverse member 120. A user caninitially manipulate actuation member 320 by rotating it such thatrotatable transverse member 120 does not extend over the distal end ofthe elongated instrument and interfere with operation of the elongatedinstrument. For example, if the elongated instrument is a laparoscope,rotatable transverse member 120 will not block the view of thelaparoscope when rotatable transverse member 120 is positioned 180degrees from the position shown in FIG. 4. However, if matteraccumulates on the end of the elongated instrument during use, actuationmember 320 can be manipulated to remove the matter and restore thefunctionality of the elongated instrument.

In particular, actuation member 320 can be rotated such that rotatabletransverse member 120 is aligned with retaining member 250 as shown inFIG. 4. Device 100 and/or elongated instrument 200 can then be movedsuch that rotatable transverse member 120 is positioned proximal to thedistal end of the elongated instrument. For example, the user can pullactuation member 320 in a direction away from handle 300 (and/or pushthe elongated instrument further into retaining member 250) such thatthe distance between rotatable transverse member 120 and distal end 251of retaining member 250 is reduced. Such movement can be continued untilrotatable transverse member 120 engages the distal end of the elongatedinstrument located within retaining member 250.

Actuation member 320 can then be rotated such that rotatable transversemember 120 is rotated via longitudinal wire member 110. The rotation ofrotatable transverse member 120 can remove matter (e.g. via a wiping,cleaning or scraping action) from a surface at the distal end of theelongated instrument. In certain embodiments, actuation member 320 isonly capable of being rotated one direction (e.g. either clockwise orcounter-clockwise) to prevent buildup of debris on both sides ofrotatable transverse member 120, and thereby prevent re-distributingdebris on the surface of the elongated instrument. In other embodiments,actuation member 320 can be operated to rotate bi-directionally to allowfor user-preferred actuation.

In particular embodiments, actuation member 320 can then be moved towardhandle 300 (and/or the elongated instrument can be withdrawn slightlyfrom retaining member 250) such that rotatable transverse member 120 ismoved laterally away from retaining member 250 and the elongatedinstrument. Actuation member 320 can also be rotated to positionrotatable transverse member 120 such that rotatable transverse member120 does not interfere with operation of the elongated instrument (e.g.rotatable transverse member 120 is not aligned with retaining member 250and does not block the view of a laparoscope inserted in retainingmember 250). Accordingly, the elongated instrument can perform itsdesired function without interference from rotatable transverse member120.

In exemplary embodiments, rotatable transverse member 120 may be a soft,flexible material that can remove matter from a distal end of anelongated instrument (e.g. a lens of a laparoscope or other viewinginstrument) without damaging the distal end of the instrument. Forexample, in specific embodiments rotatable transverse member 120 may beformed from or comprise a rubber, elastomer, foam, sponge, thermoplasticpolyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), medical-gradesilicone, silk, polyester, microfiber, or napped material to engage thesurface to be cleaned on the elongated instrument. In certainembodiments, materials such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU),thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) and medical-grade silicone can beovermolded or insert molded.

It is understood that features and aspects of the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1-3 and 4-13 can be combined with features and aspects of otherembodiments shown herein and/or modified. For example, the embodimentshown in FIGS. 4-13 could be modified such that actuation member 320provided rotational movement only and did not provide lateraltranslation of longitudinal wire member 110. In such embodiments,lateral movement between the distal end of the elongated instrument androtatable transverse member could be accomplished by moving theelongated instrument laterally within retaining member 250 or moving theentire device 100 laterally with respect to the port of entry into thecavity.

In addition, certain embodiments may provide for vacuum, liquid orsurfactant delivery. Such provisions could go to or from the surface ofthe elongated instrument, or to or from the rotatable transverse member.In certain embodiments, the rotatable transverse member could be coatedin cleaning liquid, or absorb it for future distribution to scope uponcontact. In certain embodiments, the surface of the elongated instrumentor the rotatable transverse member could also be coated in material thatprevents buildup of debris (dust, blood, oils, fats, etc.)

Particular embodiments may also provide for passive defogging of thesurface of the elongated instrument that is cleaned via built in“natural” humidity collection. For example, the geometry and size of theretaining member can be selected to allow for collection of vapor on theretaining member walls when environmental conditions are favorable. Whenthe elongated instrument is inserted through the retaining member, vapordroplets adhering to walls may contact the elongated instrument surface,thereby passively distributing the droplets onto the instrument surface.This can further create a thin film or layer of the collected liquid(which could be a warm or cold liquid) onto the instrument surface. Infunction, the liquid is transparent, which can maintain clear visibilitythrough the instrument surface when the surface is a lens. In addition,the film or thin layer of liquid prevents fog buildup, as the surfacedoes not collect additional condensation on top of the thin layer ofcondensation that was just collected during the insertion of theinstrument into the cavity. The process may be a result of theopen-nature of the tubular retaining member that allows for the movementof cool air into the warm cavity (i.e. temperature difference) tointeract with the warm moist environment, which meets temperature andhumidity conditions needed for vapor droplets to form on inner wall ofthe tubular retaining member.

Particular embodiments may also comprise an actuation mechanism for arobot in which the actuation member or members are combined with adocking station that are able to integrate with a robot. In certainembodiments, power can come via robot electrically, or can betransferred via docking station where the device itself does not take inelectrical power, but docks in a manner able to accept mechanicalenergy. For example, the electric robot turns gears, the device docks,and gears on robot turn gears on device. Other embodiments could workwith cables or other mechanisms to mechanically transfer energy, orcould utilize a separate actuation station not powered by the robot thatdraws power elsewhere, e.g. a battery or electrical outlet.

All of the devices, systems and/or methods disclosed and claimed hereincan be made and executed without undue experimentation in light of thepresent disclosure. While the devices, systems and methods of thisinvention have been described in terms of particular embodiments, itwill be apparent to those of skill in the art that variations may beapplied to the devices, systems and/or methods in the steps or in thesequence of steps of the method described herein without departing fromthe concept, spirit and scope of the invention. All such similarsubstitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art aredeemed to be within the spirit, scope and concept of the invention asdefined by the appended claims.

REFERENCES

The contents of the following references are incorporated by referenceherein:

-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,392,766-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,658,273-   U.S. Pat. No. 6,354,992-   U.S. Pat. No. 8,001,984-   U.S. Pat. No. 8,047,215-   U.S. Pat. No. 8,535,220-   U.S. Pat. No. 8,690,764-   US 20020065450-   US 20060293559-   US 20100139018-   US 20120101338-   US 20140171739-   CA 2400381-   CN 102578999-   CN 203917219-   CN 202892095-   IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications; IA-15(6):681-687;    December 1979; “A theoretical Study of the Mechanics of a    Zerographic Cleaning Blade”, Ganesh L. Harpavat.

1. A laparoscope cleaning apparatus, comprising: a retaining memberadapted for having a laparoscope mounted thereon; a handle attached to aproximate end portion of the retaining member; a cleaning memberadjacent to a distal end portion of the retaining member; and anactuation member translatably and rotatably engaged with the handle toenable independent axial translation movement and rotational movement ofthe actuation member, wherein the actuation member is coupled to thecleaning member to enable rotation of the actuation member to providecorresponding rotational movement of the cleaning member and axialtranslation of the actuation member to provide corresponding axialtranslation movement of the cleaning member.
 2. The laparoscope cleaningapparatus of claim 1 wherein a longitudinal axis of the actuation memberis an axis of rotation for said rotation of the actuation member and anaxis of translation for said translation of the actuation member.
 3. Thelaparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein a longitudinal axis ofthe actuation member is skewed with respect to a longitudinal axis of acentral aperture of the retaining member.
 4. The laparoscope cleaningapparatus of claim 3, further comprising: a longitudinal wire memberhaving the cleaning member attached thereto at a distal end portionthereof and having the actuation member attached thereto at a proximateend portion thereof.
 5. The laparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 4wherein: the retaining member comprises a relief extending along atleast a portion of a length of the retaining member; and at least aportion of the longitudinal wire member between said distal andproximate end portions thereof is within the relief.
 6. The laparoscopecleaning apparatus of claim 5 wherein at least a portion of the reliefintersects the central aperture of the retaining member.
 7. Thelaparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 4, further comprising: a guidemember attached to the handle, wherein an aperture extends within theguide member along a length thereof, wherein the longitudinal wiremember extends through the aperture, wherein the guide member comprisesa curved portion and wherein the guide member is positioned within thehandle to cause a tangential axis extending through a first end of thecurved portion extends approximately parallel with the longitudinal axisof the central aperture of the retaining member and to cause atangential axis extending through a second end of the curve portionextends approximately collinear with the longitudinal axis of theactuation member.
 8. The laparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 7wherein: the retaining member comprises a relief extending along atleast a portion of a length of the retaining member; a longitudinal axisof the relief extends approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe central aperture of the retaining member; and at least a portion ofthe longitudinal wire member between said distal and proximate endportions thereof is within the relief.
 9. The laparoscope cleaningapparatus of claim 8 wherein: the retaining member comprises a slottherein at the proximate end portion thereof, the slot intersects therelief, and the first end of the curved portion of the guide member isat least partially within the slot.
 10. The laparoscope cleaningapparatus of claim 9 wherein at least a portion of the relief intersectsthe central aperture of the retaining member.
 11. A laparoscope cleaningapparatus, comprising: a tubular member adapted for having a laparoscopeengaged therewith, wherein the tubular member comprises a reliefextending along at least a portion of a length of the tubular member andwherein a longitudinal axis of the relief extends approximately parallelto a longitudinal axis of the central aperture of the tubular member; alongitudinal wire member having a distal end portion and a proximate endportion, wherein at least a portion of the longitudinal wire memberbetween said distal and proximate end portions thereof is within therelief, a cleaning member located adjacent to a distal end portion ofthe tubular member, wherein the cleaning member is attached the distalend portion of the longitudinal wire member; a handle attached to aproximate end portion of the tubular member; and an actuation membertranslatably and rotatably engaged with the handle to enable independentaxial translation movement and rotational movement of the actuationmember, wherein the actuation member is attached to the proximate endportion of the longitudinal wire member to enable rotation of theactuation member to provide corresponding rotational movement of thecleaning member and axial translation of the actuation member to providecorresponding axial translation movement of the cleaning member, whereinthe longitudinal wire member extends contiguously from the cleaningmember to the actuation member and wherein a longitudinal axis of theactuation member is skewed with respect to the longitudinal axis of thecentral aperture of the tubular member.
 12. The laparoscope cleaningapparatus of claim 11 wherein at least a portion of the reliefintersects the central aperture of the tubular member.
 13. Thelaparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 11 wherein the longitudinal axisof the actuation member is an axis of rotation for said rotation of theactuation member and an axis of translation for said translation of theactuation member.
 14. The laparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 11,further comprising: a guide member attached to the handle, wherein anaperture extends withing the guide member along a length thereof,wherein the longitudinal wire member extends through the aperture,wherein the guide member comprises a curved portion and wherein theguide member is positioned within the handle to cause a tangential axisextending through a first end of the curved portion extendsapproximately collinear with the longitudinal axis of the relief and tocause a tangential axis extending through a second end of the curveportion extends approximately collinear with the longitudinal axis ofthe actuation member.
 15. The laparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 14wherein: the tubular member comprises a slot therein at the proximateend portion thereof, the slot intersects the relief, and the first endof the curved portion of the guide member is at least partially withinthe slot.
 16. The laparoscope cleaning apparatus of claim 15 wherein atleast a portion of the relief intersects the central aperture of thetubular member.
 17. A method for cleaning a laparoscope, comprising thesteps of: providing a laparoscope cleaning apparatus comprising aretaining member adapted for having a laparoscope mounted thereon, ahandle attached to a proximate end portion of the retaining member, acleaning member adjacent to a distal end portion of the retaining memberand an actuation member translatably and rotatably engaged with thehandle to enable independent axial translation movement and rotationalmovement of the actuation member, wherein the actuation member iscoupled to the cleaning member to enable rotation of the actuationmember to provide corresponding rotational movement of the cleaningmember and axial translation of the actuation member to providecorresponding axial translation movement of the cleaning member;mounting the laparoscope on the retaining member such that a distal endportion of the laparoscope is adjacent to the cleaning member; axiallytranslating the actuation member to axially position the cleaning memberrelative to an end face of the distal end portion of the laparoscope;and rotating the actuation member for causing the cleaning member tomove across the end face of the distal end portion of the laparoscope.18. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of axially translating theactuation member to axially position the cleaning member relative to theend face of the distal end portion of the laparoscope comprises the stepof pulling the actuation member in a direction away from the handle. 19.The method of claim 17 wherein: the step of axially translating theactuation member is performed by a user manually pulling the actuationmember along a longitudinal axis of the actuation member in a directionaway from the handle; and the step of rotating the actuation member forcausing the cleaning member to move across the end face of the distalend portion of the laparoscope is performed by a user manually rotatingthe actuation member in at least one rotational direction about thelongitudinal axis of the actuation member.
 20. The method of claim 19wherein the step of rotating the actuation member is performed aftersaid axially translating the actuation member.